How Do You Treat Yeast Infection in Dogs

Like humans, dogs are vulnerable to various health issues that can affect their well-being. Among these are conditions that may seem minor at first glance but can quickly escalate if left untreated, such as skin irritations, paw licking, or excessive scratching. These seemingly small signs might point to an underlying issue that many dog owners are unaware of: yeast infections.  

In this article, we’ll discuss everything you must know about yeast infections in dogs. From learning how to treat yeast infection in dogs, to understanding the causes and recognising the symptoms. So, whether you’re a seasoned pet parent or new to dog parenting, this guide is here to help you care for your pup with confidence.

First, What Are Yeast Infections in Dogs? 

Yeast infections in dogs are a result of the overgrowth of “Malassezia pachydermatis,” a type of yeast that naturally exists on a dog’s skin and in their ears. Typically, this fungus is harmless, coexisting with bacteria to maintain a balanced skin environment. 

However, when there is a balance disruption, yeast can multiply excessively, leading to infections. While yeast infections are not life-threatening, they can cause significant discomfort and irritation for your dog, making timely treatment essential.  

This condition is more than just a minor irritation; it can affect your dog’s overall quality of life. Persistent scratching, licking, and discomfort may result in further complications like secondary bacterial infections. Understanding where yeast infections typically occur and the signs to look out for is crucial in addressing the issue promptly.  

So, How Can You Treat Yeast Infection in Your Dogs?

Firstly, you must address the infection directly and manage any underlying conditions that may contribute to yeast overgrowth. The treatment plan depends on the severity of the infection, the areas affected, and the individual dog’s health. 

Some ways to treat yeast infection in dogs include: 

1. Use of Medicated Shampoos and Topical Treatments

Medicated shampoos typically contain antifungal agents such as ketoconazole, miconazole, or chlorhexidine, which target yeast growth and soothe inflammation. The antifungal ingredients in these shampoos can treat yeast infection or overgrowth by breaking down the fungal cell walls and reducing irritation caused by infection.

To apply, lather the shampoo onto your dog’s coat and let it sit for 5–10 minutes before rinsing thoroughly. Doing this ensures the active ingredients have time to penetrate the skin and fight the infection. In most cases, you can use these medicated shampoos 2 to 3 times a week during the treatment phase. However, your veterinarian may recommend the ideal frequency based on the severity of your dog’s condition.

2. Administering Oral Antifungal Medications

If the yeast infection is more severe or widespread, your veterinarian may prescribe oral antifungal medications like fluconazole, ketoconazole, or itraconazole. These medications treat yeast infection in dogs systemically. They are particularly effective for deep infections or when topical treatments are impractical for large areas.

Although this is an effective approach, these medications can have side effects, such as liver strain. Your veterinarian may recommend periodic blood tests to ensure your dog tolerates the medication well. Oral medications are usually prescribed for several weeks, depending on the infection’s severity. It’s important to complete the full course as directed, even if symptoms improve.

3. Prioritising Ear Cleaners and Treatments

For yeast infections in the ears, a veterinarian will often recommend a medicated ear cleaner or ear drops containing antifungal ingredients. Regular cleaning of the ears and other areas like the paws can also help treat yeast infection or build-ups. 

During cleaning or bathing, avoid over-bathing your dog, as excessive moisture can worsen yeast overgrowth, and always use vet-recommended shampoos or cleaning products. In severe cases, your vet may need to flush the ears or even bathe your dog under sedation to thoroughly clean them.

4. Addressing Underlying Causes

Simply treating the yeast infection in your dog may not be enough if an underlying issue is causing it. You must also manage conditions like allergies. For instance, if food or environmental allergies contribute to yeast overgrowth, a veterinarian may recommend hypoallergenic diets or allergy medications.

In addition to allergies, conditions like hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease can weaken your dog’s skin barrier, allowing yeast to thrive. Treating these conditions with medications or hormone therapy can prevent recurring infections.

Symptoms of Yeast Infections in Dogs

While symptoms may vary depending on the affected area, common indicators include:  

• Persistent itching: Dogs may scratch their ears, bite their paws, or rub their bodies against furniture.  
• Redness or inflammation: The affected area may appear swollen or irritated.  
• Foul odour: Yeast infections often emit a musty or sour smell, particularly from the ears.  
• Discharge or debris: In ear infections, you may notice a dark, waxy buildup or flaky skin.  
• Changes in skin texture: Greasiness, scaliness, or crusty patches can develop, sometimes accompanied by hair loss.  
• Behavioural changes: Irritability or lethargy may occur due to the discomfort your dog is experiencing.  

Causes of Yeast Infections in Dogs

It’s one thing to know how to treat yeast infection in dogs, but it’s equally important to understand what causes these infections in the first place. Yeast infections in dogs often stem from an imbalance in their natural skin environment, where yeast normally exists harmlessly. 

This overgrowth can be due to several factors, which we broadly categorise into internal, external, and dietary causes. 

1. Internal Factors

Internal factors involve changes or imbalances within your dog’s body. These factors often disrupt the immune system, making it easier for yeast to grow uncontrollably. Understanding these factors can help you prevent and treat yeast infection in dogs effectively. 

• Weakened Immune System: When your dog’s immune defences are low, it becomes easier for yeast to multiply uncontrollably. This can be due to age (puppies and senior dogs are more vulnerable), chronic illnesses, or the use of immunosuppressive medications.  
• Underlying Health Conditions: Dogs with health issues such as hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease are at higher risk of developing yeast infections. These conditions can alter the skin’s pH balance or lead to increased skin oil production, creating a favourable environment for yeast.  
• Allergies: Food and environmental allergies can trigger inflammation and skin irritation, which weaken the skin’s natural defences. Over time, this irritation can lead to yeast overgrowth, particularly in areas that your dog licks or scratches often. 
• Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal issues, such as a lack of thyroid hormones, can alter the skin’s texture and moisture levels, making it easier for yeast to proliferate. Female dogs may also experience hormonal changes during their heat cycle or pregnancy, which can temporarily affect their skin health.  

2. External Factors

Environmental conditions and grooming habits play a significant role in the development of yeast infections. External factors are often easier to control, but neglecting them can quickly lead to persistent infections. Examples include:

• Moisture Buildup: Yeast thrives in warm, damp environments, making moisture a key external trigger. Dogs that swim frequently, walk-in wet conditions, or are bathed without proper drying are at a higher risk. The moisture trapped in their ears, paws, or skin folds becomes a breeding ground for yeast.  
• Hot and Humid Climates: Dogs living in hot, humid regions are more prone to yeast infections, as the combination of heat and moisture creates the perfect conditions for fungal growth. You must prioritise regular cooling and drying routines if you live in these environments. 
• Poor Grooming Practices: Inadequate grooming, such as infrequent bathing or not cleaning specific areas like ears and folds, can lead to yeast overgrowth. On the other hand, over-grooming or using harsh shampoos can disrupt the skin’s natural balance. This will eventually irritate and promote fungal growth. 
•  Skin Trauma: Cuts, abrasions, or excessive scratching due to flea bites or other irritants can damage the skin, making it easier for yeast to take hold.
• Environmental Allergens: Pollen, mould, and dust mites can irritate a dog’s skin, leading to inflammation and scratching. This irritation weakens the skin’s barrier, making it easier for yeast to multiply.  

3. Dietary Influences

Just so you know, your dog’s diet directly affects their overall health, including the condition of their skin and immune system. Dietary choices either help treat yeast infection in dogs or even contribute to yeast overgrowth.  

• High-Carbohydrate Diets: Carbohydrates break down into sugars, which serve as a food source for yeast. Diets high in grains, starches, or processed foods can contribute to yeast overgrowth, especially in dogs predisposed to infections.  
• Food Sensitivities or Intolerances: Certain ingredients in commercial dog food, such as chicken, beef, or dairy, can trigger allergic reactions. These allergies often manifest as skin irritation, which creates an ideal environment for yeast to thrive.  
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Diets lacking essential nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, can weaken a dog’s skin barrier and immune response. A weak skin barrier is less effective at preventing fungal overgrowth.  
• Use of Treats High in Sugars: Many store-bought treats contain hidden sugars or high glycaemic ingredients, which can indirectly fuel yeast growth. Limiting such threats can significantly reduce the risk of infections.  

How to Prevent Yeast Infections in Dogs Again

1. Proper Grooming and Hygiene

Maintaining a regular grooming routine is necessary to treat yeast infection in dogs, especially breeds prone to skin folds or floppy ears.

• Bathing: Use a mild, vet-recommended shampoo to keep your dog’s skin clean without stripping away natural oils. Be sure to dry your dog thoroughly after baths, especially in areas like the ears, paws, and folds.
• Ear Care: Regular ear cleaning is crucial, particularly for dogs with floppy ears. Use a vet-approved ear cleaner and avoid inserting anything deep into the ear canal.
• Moisture Control: After swimming or exposure to wet conditions, ensure your dog is dried thoroughly to prevent yeast from thriving in moist environments.

2. Balanced Diet

A proper diet plays a critical role in preventing yeast infections by supporting your dog’s immune system and maintaining a healthy skin barrier.

• Low-Carbohydrate Diet: Reducing carbohydrates in your dog’s diet can help limit the sugars that feed yeast. Choose high-quality, grain-free food if your vet recommends it.
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Foods or supplements rich in omega-3 fatty acids can improve skin health, reducing the likelihood of yeast overgrowth.
• Probiotics: Probiotics can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome, which indirectly supports your dog’s skin and immune system.

3. Regular Veterinary Check-Ups

Routine vet visits allow for early detection of any health issues that may predispose your dog to yeast infections. Your vet can monitor for allergies, hormonal imbalances, or other conditions that may require attention.

Conclusion

Caring for a dog with a yeast infection requires patience, proper treatment, and preventive measures to ensure lasting relief and improved health. By recognising the signs early, consulting a veterinarian for accurate diagnosis, and committing to a tailored care plan, you can effectively manage and treat yeast infection in your dog.